Hydrotherapy Systems for Pain Relief: Comparing the Evidence for Each Type
Key Takeaways Aquatic exercise in warm pools (33–36 °C) has the strongest evidence for chronic pain — a 2023 meta-analysis of 32 RCTs with 2,200 participants found moderate improvements in pain, function, and quality of life (Shi et al., 2023). Warm water immersion alone reduces pain perception through multiple mechanisms: buoyancy (up to 90% body…
